Summary of the above PDF:

▪️- Tawakkul (reliance) is an act of worship which exists in the heart, as mentioned by imam Ahmad and others. ▪️- Tawakkul in its entirety is something specific to Allah, so none has any share in it. Allah says in many places in the Qurʿān: {وعلى الله فتوكلوا} Meaning, place reliance on Allah alone ▪️- That is why you are not allowed to use ثم here (unlike the statement ما شاء الله ثم شئت), because no share of Tawakkul is attributed to other than Allah. ▪️- There is a difference between توكيل entrusting someone and توكل placing reliance on them. You are allowed to entrust someone to execute a task that is within their capacity, without placing any reliance on them; you entrust them while placing your reliance on Allah alone. ▪️- Placing reliance on other than Allah is Shirk. It is minor shirk for one to place reliance on a reasonable means, i.e. means which have the capacity to achieve their intended objectives - eg. Someone relying on a powerful ruler for security and financial assistance. And it is major Shirk to place full reliance on others besides Allah or to place reliance on others for those things which are specific to Allah. ▪️- True reliance on Allah must be coupled with taking the necessary means (asbaab)