The Sixth Case: Substituting (At-Tabdīl)

Description: This refers to ruling by other than what Allāh has revealed and then claiming that this represents Allāh's ruling. Ruling: There is unanimous agreement that this constitutes major disbelief. The evidence for this is the consensus. Ibn Taymiyyah, may Allāh have mercy on him, said: «والإنسان متى حلل الحرام المجمع عليه، أو حرم الحلال المجمع عليه، أو بدل الشرع المجمع عليه؛ كان كافراً مرتداً باتفاق الفقهاء» "If someone declares something unanimously forbidden to be permissible, or declares something unanimously permissible to be forbidden, or substitutes the established law, they are considered a disbeliever and an apostate by consensus of the jurists." [Majmū’ Al-Fatāwā (3/267)] There are six issues related to this case: