The Second Issue:

Juḥūd/rejection is a matter of the heart; its true nature involves outwardly rejecting something while inwardly acknowledging it. Allāh the Almighty said: ﴿وَجَحَدُوا بِهَا وَاسْتَيْقَنَتْهَا أَنْفُسُهُمْ﴾ "And they rejected them, while their inner selves were convinced thereof." [An-Naml, 14]. This Āyah shows that a person may deny something outwardly while believing the opposite in their heart. Ar-Rāghib Al-Āṣfahāni, may Allāh have mercy on him, explained: «الجحود: نَفْي ما في القلب إثباته، وإثباتُ ما في القلب نفيه» "Al-Juḥūd is to reject what the heart affirms and to affirm what the heart rejects." [Al-Mufradāt, p. 95, under 'Juḥūd']. Al-Fayrūzabādi, may Allāh have mercy on him, said: «جَحَدَهُ : . . . أنكره مع عِلْمه» "Jaḥadahu...meaning he rejected it despite acknowledging it." [Al-Qāmūs Al-Muḥīṭ (1/389)]. I say: Since it (Al-Juḥūd) is a matter of the heart, it can only be discerned when a person explicitly reveals what is within their self. (refer to the discussion on "istiḥlāl" on pages #, #, and #).